Freeze casting

in recent years the technique of freeze casting has undergone tremendous development. New techniques and novel nanoscale building blocks have given rise to porous materials with extraordinary properties. As an example, by spinning freeze cast fibre with aligned pores fabrics with unprecedented levels of thermal insulation could be produced. This 

Freeze casting presents exciting new avenues towards high performance materials with aligned pore structures.

Bone scaffolds, highly elastic composites and nacre mimetic materials can all be produced by means of freeze casting methods. 

This comprehensive review presents recent development in terms of materials and processing