Mixed-mode flaws modelling at nanoscale in cell membrane system by time-domain hypersingular integral equation method
Cell membrane system has the protein-lipid-protein sandwich type structure. The membrane nanocomposites (PLP-MNs) typically exhibit pronounced nonlinear viscoplastic response under electro-thermo-elastic coupled incremental loads conditions. These extended coupled incremental loads can cause high extended incremental stresses and may induce flaws initiation, growth and finally lead to fracture or failure of nanocomposites.